What are the Components of a Keyboard?

A mechanical keyboard is made up of several essential components, each contributing to functionality, comfort, and durability. Compared to membrane keyboards, mechanical models offer more precise feedback, extensive customization, and a superior typing experience.

The Main Components of a Mechanical Keyboard
🔹 Case (Keyboard Case)
Role: Ensures the protection and structure of the keyboard.
Material: Plastic (ABS, PBT), aluminum or metal for a sturdier construction.
Types:
Carcase plate – minimalist design.
Inclined carcasses – provide a more ergonomic angle for typing.
Gasket-mounted carcass – adds damping for a more pleasant sound and feel.
🔹 PCB (Printed Circuit Board)
Role: Represents the "brain" of the keyboard, where the switches are mounted and where the commands are processed.
Characteristics:
PCB standard – requires soldering for switch mounting.
Hot-swappable PCB – allows for the replacement of switches without soldering.
RGB or Non-RGB – some PCBs include LEDs for customizable lighting.
🔹 Mechanical Switches
Role: These are the components that register each key press.
Types:
Liniar – smooth travel, without tactile feedback (ideal for gaming).
Tactile – provides a small "bump" upon activation for increased precision.
Clicky – produces a strong sound when pressed, similar to typewriters.
Silent – designed for noise reduction.
🔹 Stabilizers
Role: Keep the large keys (Space, Enter, Shift, Backspace) stable and balanced when pressed.
Types:
Plate-mounted – attached to the keyboard case.
PCB-mounted – fix directly to the PCB for a more stable feel.
Screw-in stabilizers – the most appreciated for precision and noise reduction.
🔹 Keycaps (Keycaps)
Role: Represents the visible surface that we press.
Material:
ABS – cheaper, but can become shiny over time.
PBT – more durable, wear-resistant.
Popular profiles:
OEM – the most common, with a slightly curved angle.
Cherry – shorter and ergonomic.
SA – high and rounded, for a retro feel.
DSA – uniform profile, commonly used for customization.
🔹 Mounting Plate
Role: Provides rigidity to the keyboard and stabilizes the switches.
Material:
Aluminum – high rigidity.
Steel – very durable, but heavier.
Polycarbonate – flexible, provides a more muted sound.
🔹 Foam Dampening
Role: Reduce noise and improve typing feel.
Types:
Plate foam – between the PCB and the mounting board.
Case foam – inside the case for a fuller sound.
Switch foam – under each switch for additional cushioning.
🔹 RGB lighting 
Role: Offers customizable lighting effects.
Types:
Per-key RGB – each key has an individual color.
Underglow RGB – lights under the keyboard.
Single-color LED – fixed lighting, without advanced effects.